Friday, August 28, 2020

There Are Strict Standard Regulations on Emission Sample for Students

Question: Plate About There Are Strict Standard Regulations On Emission? Answer: Presentation There are exacting standard guidelines on discharge, hence in light of this most new maker of vehicles need to make vehicles that consent to these measures. Law doesn't expect them to this, however they do so for the most part as an advertising technique. Volkswagen Audi bunch which is perhaps the biggest maker of vehicles began to produce in 2009, new vehicles called Clean Diesel. They asserted that these new vehicles met all the guidelines on outflow in the US and EU. Hence because of this, they were granted the green vehicle sponsorships and exceptions from charges. In 2009 their vehicle, Volkswagen Jetta Diesel, was named as the vehicle of the year. Their tech and other comparative diesel specialists were the reason for the green innovation. After every one of these, issues concocted the Volkswagen clean diesel tech which demonstrated proof that they didn't meet the lawful principles on discharge when it was tried on genuine streets. Researchers from West Virginia University, in 2014, made information assortment on the outflows while the Volkswagen was being used in reality. They discovered for one that the Jetta information gave was bogus and it supplanted the permitted legitimate breaking point by a factor of 15 to 35. They were then served a Notice of Violation by the US EPA for this on 18 September 2015. (Kollewe, 2015)Volkswagens case or reason was that the vehicles and 480,000 VW and Audis with motors that have 2-liter TDI, and that were sold between the long periods of 2009 and 2015 had an annihilation gadget against agreeing to emissions.Management Over 11 million vehicles are influenced by this. The annihilation gadget was found to be a motor running programming that detected when a discharges evaluation was being done, by contemplations like no controlling exertion, open hat or just a couple of wheels turning. They may utilize this to finish any assessments done on vehicles. Volkswagen was not the first to wrongfully utilize this destruction gadge t it returns to the 1970s. At the point when they were first stood up to with this, Volkswagen guaranteed that the issues were because of specialized glitches however after they were demonstrated proof they conceded their bad behavior. These lead to death, and they endured after these were made open. The open lost confidence in organizations professing to deliver vehicles with green innovation (Burki,2015) Moral issues confronted. The principal moral issue for this situation study is whether the vehicle producers cause their vehicles to keep the guideline gauges on emanations. There are clear set lawful norms and guidelines on discharges that can be created by these organizations, however they are not legitimately constrained to do as such. On the off chance that they observe these guidelines, they will go far to secure nature. Then again, they may simply create vehicles at any rate they like and what suits them without considering the suggestions they have on the earth and environmental factors (Stanwick,and Stanwick, 2017) Another moral difficulty is where these vehicle producers agree to the guidelines on outflows as a method of promoting their business. The world purchasers right currently need vehicles that are viewed as green and useful for nature, subsequently by creating these vehicles they are doing so in light of the fact that they will benefit from the endeavor. Then again when the market request changes and it is progressively gainful to have vehicles that don't observe the gauges and guidelines on outflows these organizations will simply change to making them since it will profit them (Stanwick,and Stanwick, 2017) The following one is that Volkswagen acknowledged the honor of the vehicle of the year and said that their vehicles conformed to the laws on discharges. Because of this the remainder of the world based their meaning of green, effective vehicles on this model of Diesel vehicles by them. It was an accomplishment for them, however it was a lie as they realized without a doubt that they didn't fulfill the guidelines for such honors. They utilized misleading methods intentionally to accomplish these jumps and accomplishments (Johnson,2013) The Defeat Device was additionally utilized in different cases other than that of Volkswagen. It is a problem since it shows a pattern of different players of the business utilizing this gadget to progress in their fields from to the extent the 1970s and the US government knew about these events. Volkswagen just followed this guide to likewise create in their subject matter. Then again, they utilized it realizing without a doubt, it was an illicit methods as it didn't give a precise impression of their vehicle yet did so in any case (Fraser,2015) Another quandary is that when they were indicated that there was proof that their vehicles including Jetta, which was the Green vehicle of the year in 2009, didn't meet the guidelines they denied that there were issues with them. They rather credited the aftereffects of the examination by researchers at West Virginia University to specialized hitches which were a falsehood. They just conceded an inappropriate doing after they were demonstrated hard proof against them along these lines concurred that they utilized the destruction gadget purposely to modify aftereffects of tests in controlled conditions (Hakim and Bradsher, 2015) The following on is that they offered vehicles to their clients whowere fitted with the destruction gadget. These gadgets gave wrong outcomes when tests were done on them and were said to meet all the guidelines on emanations. It was an untruth which gave bogus data to the purchasers who purchased these vehicles accepting that they were purchasing green innovation vehicles. It was wrong since they didn't stay faithful to their commitment to deliver vehicles that were green effective consequently letting down their buyers. Then again, Volkswagen may have done this to reduce expenses and furthermore benefit the organization. The quandary here is whether organizations ought to effectively benefit regardless of whether it implies misleading the consumer.(Holland, Mansur, Muller, and Yates, 2016.) At long last, numerous passings havebeen ascribed to vehicles that have the annihilation gadget. It is a difficulty on account of it a terrible thing that individuals kicked the bucket on the grounds that Volkswagen needed to make benefits and they ought to endure also in light of the fact that lives were Management. Then again, the organization has separate assets to remunerate these difficulties, yet they will likewise endure misfortunes in future because of these occasions. The predicament here is whether Volkswagen has paid enough for their trickery and whether the lost lives are quantifiable monetarily (Barrett, Speth, Eastham, Dedoussi, Ashok, Malina,and Keith,2015).Also, the issue is that general society has lost confidence in Green vehicles and will think that its difficult to purchase vehicles since they won't know whether they genuinely utilize the green innovation. Moral Principles Some ethical standards relevant to guarantee that such occasions don't reoccur incorporate the accompanying; first is the guideline of independence. It is the place we have the obligation to offer regard to all people and their opportunity and consent to the choices they make for their lives. For this situation, the vehicle producers had the decision to agree to the guidelines of outflows, and by misleading the individuals, Volkswagen endured the outcomes of their activities (Koocher, and Keith-Spiegel,2009).Another rule is of Beneficence; we are committed to get things done with the expect to carry out beneficial things. It is applied here for the situation that if Volkswagen had quite recently given a valiant effort to be green and advantage nature, they would experience maintained a strategic distance from the difficulties. The Principle of Justice additionally can be applied here; when individuals see the requirement for equity to win they will successfully guarantee this. In the event that Volkswagen had utilized this they would have conceded their bad behavior before they would maintain a strategic distance from the passings brought about by their missteps (Nolen, and Putten, 2007) End All in all, we could have kept this case from advancing to the boundaries it came to by actualizing the standards referenced before. It would be an advantage to all gatherings if a goals were reached. Rather along these lines, if this were to reoccur in light of the fact that organizations will do what they need to do to make benefits, this case was a moral quandary overall since all gatherings were all in all correct to a certain extent. On account of Volkswagen, they were simply following models set by past organizations. Then again the Government we enraged in light of the fact that despite the fact that they were not required lawfully to follow the guidelines, they lied that they did and in this manner caused irreversible harms. Starting at now, buyers have lost confidence in the vehicle fabricating industry about to start having green innovation vehicles, and they should strive to acquire back the trust of the consumers.(Trevino and Nelson, 2010) Reference List Badiou, An., and Hallward, P., 2002. Morals: A paper on the comprehension of malice. Verso. Barrett, S.R., Speth, R.L., Eastham, S.D., Dedoussi, I.C., Ashok, A., Malina, R. also, Keith, D.W., 2015. The effect of the Volkswagen outflows controls rout gadget on US general wellbeing. Ecological Research Letters, 10(11), p.114005. Burki, T.K., 2015. Diesel vehicles and wellbeing: the Volkswagen discharges scandal.The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 3(11), pp.838-839. Fraser, L., 2015. Volkswagen discharges fixing echoes comparative embarrassments at GM, Toyota, Honda. CBC News. Hakim, D. also, Bradsher, K., 2015. After Volkswagen Revelation, Auto Emissions Tests Come Under Global Scrutiny. The New York Times (Sept 24, 2015). Accessible at: https://www. Nytimes. com/2015/09/25/business/global/to okswagen-emanations contamination guidelines. HTML. Holland, S.P., Mansur, E.T., Muller, N.Z. what's more, Yates, A.J., 2016. Harms and expected passings because of abundance NO x outflows from 2009 to 2015 Volkswagen diesel vehicles. Ecological science innovation, 50(3), pp.1111-1117. Johnson, C. E., 2013. Meeting the moral difficulties of authority: Casting light or shadow. Sage Publications. Kollewe, J., 2015. Volkswagen discharges scandaltimeline. The Guardian, 10. Koocher, G. P., and Keith-Spiegel, P. (2009). What would it be advisable for me to do? 38 moral situations including classification.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Far from the Madding Crowd Essay

For instance, when inquired as to whether he knew who the lady he was conversing with had been (Liddy), he answered to Bathsheba â€Å"I know her by sight†. This was likewise said as a method of assurance. He likewise once deceived Bathsheba when giving her his blade battling. He discloses to her that the blade isn't sharp until the finish of the activity, when he comes clean with her, † this blade will shave like a razor†. It is from about this time Bathsheba starts to understand that she is profoundly enamored with Troy, and has now disregarded Mr. Boldwood. Bathsheba is pulled in to a shallow man, in any case, just the peruser can understand this. There is a case of emotional incongruity between these two characters when Troy has numerous deficiencies, for example, betting, womanizing and the powerlessness to settle and submit himself, not exclusively are these issues however solid fixations also. These realities are on the whole notable to the peruser and the network in the story, however Bathsheba is unmindful of the reality. At the point when captivated and blinded from these realities, there can be sad outcomes. At the point when Bathsheba acknowledges for herself, that she adores sergeant Troy, Gabriel Oak helps her to remember Boldwood’s earlier cases. He likewise scrutinizes troy, inciting Bathsheba to guard Troy. The writer of this book, Thomas Hardy, presents the charmed Bathsheba as nai ve and daze. He legitimately differentiates Troy and Gabriel, where Gabriel goes about as Bathsheba’s still, small voice, helping her to remember Boldwood’s claims. Gabriel endeavors of caution Bathsheba to oppose Troy â€Å"before it is too late† is prophetic. When Boldwood at long last understands that he has been dismissed, he has a go at paying off Troy, with the goal that he would be keen on wedding Fanny. Be that as it may, it is past the point of no return, Troy and Bathsheba were at that point wedded. This equitable shows how fixated on Bathsheba truly is. Troy doesn’t appear to see or welcome the affection and captivation appeared by Bathsheba. This is appeared on their big day, during the gathering, as he didn’t invest any energy with her; rather, he become inebriated and nodded off in the animal dwellingplace with his companions. The tempest that broke out could have torn everything down and broken the wicks, yet Gabriel, being the main perceptive one there acknowledged and spared everything before it was past the point of no return. Gabriel Oak rules the start of the story and is portrayed as a â€Å"young man of savvy instinct judgment † and â€Å"general great character†. He is a hard workingman, and has done as such during a mind-blowing entire to turn into the free rancher that he was. Despite the fact that he is pulled in to Bathsheba, he sees that she is exceptionally vain. He is straightforward, reasonable, trust-commendable and unwavering. He is likewise solid as his name proposes. Gabriel is consistently in charge of himself. He acknowledges the reality the Bathsheba doesn't cherish him so not at all like Boldwood, disregards her. He additionally keeps to his promise, for instance, when he disclosed to her that he would no longer converse with her, he didn’t. Oak be that as it may, is a reliable and steadfast man. At whatever point Bathsheba was in an emergency, she generally requested Oak. A case of this is the point at which her sheep had eaten some clover and became sick. She depended on Oak to come and spare them. At the point when her ranch went ablaze, Oak was the secretive man who helped and at her wedding, when there was a tempest, Oak fortified the wicks. In an emergency he acts smoothly and fearlessly sparing Bathsheba’s crops in the fire and tempest. He genuinely sentences Bathsheba’s lead to Boldwood on various events, twice confronting excusal. He is terrified by Bathsheba’s â€Å"infatuation† with Troy, endeavoring to caution her against confiding in him. When concealing his emotions he says â€Å"he worshiped Bathsheba†. Tough calls attention to the differences between simple Oak† and the alluring Troy whose â€Å"deformities lay where it counts from a woman’s vision†. There is a major differentiation among Oak and Troy. Another distinction between these characters is that Troy bets and Gabriel â€Å"reckons up the specific money related value† of each hazard compromised by the tempest. Toward the finish of the story it turns for the better for Oak. He gets advanced from being the shepherd to the bailiff, his industry is granted and he is offered a bunny of the benefits to oversee Boldwood’s ranch after his detainment. Bathsheba acknowledges toward the end after Troy’s demise, that she gets feeble and discouraged and progressively dependant on Gabriel. This causes her notification that she adores him lastly consents to wed him. This shows pretty much the entire novel is about fixation between every one of the characters. It additionally has a great deal of sentiment in it with hard authenticity going through it. Moreover, it shows that not exclusively is it the world that loses control in catastrophic events yet in addition individuals lose control in passionate debacles.

Friday, August 21, 2020

A history of social policy changes

A background marked by social approach changes Concerning changes in government approach and belief systems of government assistance, banter the essentialness of the move from Victorian Pauper to 21st century administration client and its effect on social work practice and qualities. This task has utilized a course of events of government changes and arrangements as a foundation to discuss the move from Victorian homeless person to the 21st century administration client. The partition among poor and rich has consistently been an issue that all legislatures have attempted to lessen utilizing various arrangements and laws. Anyway there is as yet that isolate that is by all accounts expanding. Has a lot of changed since the Poor Law was actualized? Are people given progressively decision and rights now? Will there consistently be shame appended and social avoidance that originates from utilizing these words, do they despite everything have a similar importance? This task will endeavor to address these inquiries utilizing references to arrangement and philosophies of government assistance. The meaning of a Pauper as per the Collins word reference is somebody who is amazingly poor or truly qualified for open cause. The meaning of an assistance client is somebody who utilizes or gets wellbeing or social consideration administrations. (General social consideration board) As indicated by Sen, 1999 the term administration client was presented on account of picked up quality of weak individuals during the 1980s. This term shows an affirmation of the legislature and open, understanding that administration clients have a positive job. They despite everything have abilities and can understand their latent capacity, they are not simply people who are qualified for help by means of the administrations we offer. In spite of the fact that this term was delivered by the people who utilize the administrations it despite everything features that they work with experts and that the force despite everything lives with them. (Adams, Dominelli and Payne, 2009) The National system of administration clients: Shaping our lives accept that the term administration client is sure, its a person who utilizes the administrations, they present force making a more grounded voice and having a more prominent capacity to shape administrations. (Levin 2004) The adjustments in arrangement from Pauper to support client have been huge. English social policys establishment is from the Poor Laws, the first went in 1598 the last 1948. The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 gave a mandatory poor rate and helped set the poor onto work. Anyway as the Parish was the essential region of organization laws were authorized distinctively around there, which means the activity of the Poor Law was conflicting between zones, the start of the postcode lottery. The Poor Law alteration demonstration of 1834 changed the current framework that was set up, it was actualized at a higher stage not exactly at Parish level ,Poor Law associations were presented the advancement of the workhouses was supported, one workhouse in every association to give poor alleviation. This demonstration expressed that no healthy individual was to get some other assistance other than in the workhouse. This laws essential issue was to make life inside as terrible as outside of the workhouse, this was troublesome as some would have must be famished to meet what they met outside. There was a disgrace connected however and it was that notoriety that prevented eve rybody from utilizing a workhouse, they delivered prison style isolation people and even families must be isolated. As the administration suspected this was the most ideal approach to help the neediest families they saw no issues with this Act. Truth be told the neediest families still werent utilizing the assistance and going into a workhouse since they didnt need to be isolated. Similar to families today that still dont request help due to the shame or in light of the fact that they dont know or comprehend the framework actualized to help them however much as could be expected. It was in 1869 that The Charitable Organization Society was shaped to make good cause increasingly viable, they comprehended that beneficent help was required yet accepted that their point was to arrive at all families, they were likewise uncertain of how the cash from noble cause had recently been spent. They set out monetary assistance presenting nearby boards of trustees, these then raised assets and circulated to families out of luck. Likewise fundamentally the same as numerous foundations today, there are as yet numerous families who dont request help on account of religion, language, pride or just werent told. (Family activity) COS found that it wasnt simply money related assist that with peopling required, so they began to offer enthusiastic and reasonable assistance as well. At the point when they had numerous families requiring help they knew there volunteers would require preparing, this turned into the pioneer in the calling of social work, something that our establishments depend on today. The principle establishment of COS was to change approach to help the individuals enduring the impacts of destitution, something that social specialists do now, the general gathering of social laborers are as yet attempting to help those enduring the most and work towards offering assistance to the individuals who have incapable to discover help somewhere else and give social work support just as sign to different administrations that may enable them to further. From this time more acts were presented including the Public wellbeing demonstration of 1872. During this time neediness was never truly characterized they comprehended what realized it like joblessness or ailment, on the off chance that they had characterized destitution it might have helped acquainted various acts with forestall it. During the 1900s neediness was ever expanding, the settlement development began its thought was to build up settlement houses in poor zones with the possibility that the white collar class would elect to live with them, sharing their insight and help mitigate the destitution of their poor neighbors. From this development numerous activities rose and assisted with improving states of every single poor territory of society and help all people. This development concentrated on the reasons for neediness giving various administrations including training and wellbeing administrations. This settlement development is another establishment of social work practice today, no we dont live with the people out of luck, however the entire explanation of social work is to utilize our instruction and information to ease the issues they have and help them inwardly, basically and monetarily, which is exactly what these volunteers did. Albeit some contended this was regulating since some needed the sepa ration between poor people and higher classes. (Laybourn, 1995) Although this development was significant the more impressive COS lowered as the dubious idea of social work, there was people that were not qualified for help these were still at the workhouse, and a large portion of these people were ladies who bore youngsters with only one parent present. In spite of the fact that the settlement development was additionally fundamental in the public eye in concentrating on destitution, it concentrated on an increasingly organized examinations of neediness and its effect on human conduct by rehearsing mediations at a network level, which is required currently to enable little networks to help each other just as independently. The idea of social work practice at that point concentrated on people and a critical component of this time is the disposal of hearing customers voices and the unique information on the experts working with them. Just currently is the administration clients voice being perceived once more. (Adams et al, 2009) The Poor Law was the premise of the advancement of administrations for the twentieth century, including the national protection act, these new administrations were acquainted with abstain from depending on the Poor Laws. (Alcock, 2003) The administration laid the premise of things to come social administrations, the significant concern was that all territories ought to be given similar administrations, these new administrations were given away from The Poor Law to sidestep the affiliation. Despite the fact that these new belief systems were acquainted with offer types of assistance to all people there was as yet a shame appended, even now there is as yet a disgrace connected to the term administration client, in spite of the fact that legislatures have changed their strategies to utilize various terms some despite everything have a similar significance. A significant report delivered with respect to the government assistance of people was the Beveridge report. This report concentrated on how Britain could be revamped after the war. In 1945 work was chosen and vowed to present a government assistance state. The government assistance state included presenting new administrations these included family stipends, the national wellbeing administrations and lodging acts to give some examples. The government assistance state was created to support the arrangement of administrations for the open not as a reaction to neediness. (Laybourn, 1995) this is the place a significant analysis exists in discusses in regards to the government assistance state inside current governments. During the 1950s the arrangement of government assistance state administrations got hazardous, government mediations at the time didnt help and brought on additional issues so the Conservative government dominated and slice the assistance given to poor people and wiped out. This at that point made the circulation of pay increasingly imbalanced and albeit endeavored to make the poor progressively dedicated and independent it didnt work. One report that affected arrangement and work on during the 1960s was the Seabohm report 1968, this report re-presented destitution. This paper was entrusted to survey the association and duties of the nearby power individual social administrations in England and to consider what changes are alluring to make sure about a viable family administration. (Seebohm, 1968, pg11.) Prior to this report social work was spread across different nearby specialists and distinctive government segments, in view of this the report found that there was deficiencies in the nature of arrangement and access was extremely troublesome. The report suggested another nearby position division giving a network based and family orientated help, which will be accessible for all When this proposal was brought without hesitation new social administrations office were framed. Seebohm foresaw issues which were featured in the report, it expressed that having separate offices for youngsters and grown-ups would make it hard to treat the familys needs all in all. Another significant Report was the Barclay Report, 1

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

The Number One Question You Must Ask for Writing Papers for College Students

The Number One Question You Must Ask for Writing Papers for College Students The Honest to Goodness Truth on Writing Papers for College Students It's sometimes problematic for college students to deal with the different kinds of writing. A good deal of students will need to boost their the abilities and vocabulary to compose great papers. Since you are able to see, students are sure to face a number of challenges should they wish to turn into a member of the buy essay club. Anyway, students should not be disturbed. The group of professionally trained writers are all set to make works that don't have any analogues on the Internet in order for your professor will be proud of you! Most professors want pupils to be alert to the way to investigate and generate inside their fields. Our technicians will kindly answer all your questions. Regrettably, It seems as though universities think that unless you're writing papers, It's not an actual college training course. 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Friday, May 15, 2020

Motives for English Imperialism - 1916 Words

C132 Survey of United States History Griselda Brower Task 1 A. Motives for English Imperialism Empires seek various prompts to help them expand their rule to other countries and territories. Amongst these motives include, economic gain, exploratory, political, religious and ethnocentric motives. Due to the large importation of American crops, England’s population doubled in size. With all the new people migrating to England, people started to compete for food, clothing and housing. This led to inflation of England. The increase number of people looking for works caused a decreased in wages. When landowners raised rents and seizing land, people were forced to leave their homes. Residents were forced to share smallholdings with†¦show more content†¦In 1533, Henry VIII became obsessed with Anne Boleyn. Henry VIII asked the pope to annul his almost 20 year marriage to Catherine de Aragon. When the pope refused, Henry VIII founded his own church. He named is Church of England and he proclaim himself to be the head of the new founded church. People started to move to America where they wanted freedom of religion (Khle, 2009). In the mid-sixteen century, John Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake raided a fleet of Spanish treasure that was sailing from the Caribbean. Their actions helped influence a war in 1558, where it assisted I n the defeat of a huge Spanish force. After the defeat of the Spanish force, English leader start to consider planting colonies in the Western Hemisphere. They argued that this would be a better way to gain better access to trade good and helped prevent their enemies from dominating in America. Eventually, the Western Hemisphere was controlled by the European Countries. European government took no time in controlling plants, food, landscaping and clothing. After the European government obtained almost all of the political power over 50,000 people fled to America, in hopes of better opportunities (Khle, 2009). C. Major Ideas and Events that Led to the American Revolution The American Revolutionary war The American Revolutionary War started in 1977. It began because of an open conflict between the thirteen colonies and Great Britain. TheShow MoreRelatedImperialism of India by Britain Essay571 Words   |  3 PagesImperialism is the domination of one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country. Imperialism is more often than not fueled by two major schools of thought known as nationalism and Social Darwinism. Nationalism is a feeling of pride and devotion to one’s country. This can drive a person to think that their country is the most powerful, and in essence drives that person mad with power and a hunger to conquer, which not ironically is exactly what many countries did. 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How was Africa affectedRead MoreThe Horrors of Imperialism: The Belgian Congo Essay763 Words   |  4 Pa gesImperialism is the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. In 1870, the European powers took over the African Congo and enslaved the natives. Moreover, they were forced to work the land, so the Europeans could obtain the products they needed by using a cheap labor force to turn around and sell them at a profit. These products included such commodities as rubber, diamonds and coffee (A New World

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Theme Of Irony In The Things They Carried - 1329 Words

In the novel The Things They Carried by Tim OBrien, metafiction is used to further the story. OBrien used the metafictional devices of irony, and nonlinear sequencing of events in order to push his story and properly represent the experience of war. Each metafictional device is used in order to advance the meaning of the story and let the reader truly understand the emotions and experience of being at war. Whether or not the story is perfectly true is not important, for OBrien is telling the story of the hardships and brotherhood of war rather than the exact facts. The first and most common of the metafictional devices OBrien used in the novel is irony. Irony is used in metafictional devices to show how things can be extremely†¦show more content†¦Being a women during the 50’s Mary Ann was expected to be proper, innocent and unable to understand or handle the extreme emotions and pressures of war, however, she quickly adapted to the war and went against everything exp ected of her and joined the green berets. OBrien pushed the irony of Mary Ann’s story even further than just defying gender norms as he juxtaposes innocence and the savagery of war together through Mary Anns actions and appearance at the end of the chapter. The men all talk about how Mary Ann is still out in the woods fighting, they say; â€Å"she was wearing her culottes, her pink sweater, and a necklace of human tongues† (110). Although it is extremely unlikely that this experience ever happened, OBrien uses this story to show just how life changing war can be, he proves that even the most innocent person can walk into the war and come out a savage, hostile and war oriented person. Had he never juxtaposed the innocence of Mary Ann and her ‘girly’ clothing against the demented and horrifying necklace of severed tongues, his point may have never had the deep message he wanted to portray. There are many other examples of irony spread throughout the novel, h owever this example had one of the most powerful message and proof of howShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried Rhetorical Analysis Essay905 Words   |  4 PagesThe Things They Carried Rhetorical Analysis Essay In The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien, O’Brien uses many short stories to describe his experience in Vietnam. The story that captured many aspects of writing was â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story† because it acts as a guide to writing a true story. O’Brien uses many different rhetorical strategies, narrative techniques, and establishes a theme in this story to help develop his characters and story line. Tim O’Brien uses several rhetorical strategiesRead MoreEssay about Literary Techniques in The Things They Carried1276 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien uses many such techniques to provide more depth to his book. Four literary techniques used by Tim O’Brien are symbolism, pathetic fallacy, irony, and juxtaposition. One literary technique prominent in The Things They Carried, particularly in the story by the same name, is symbolism. Throughout this story, O’Brien mentions all the things that the soldiers carry with them, both physical and emotional. However, the physical items that the men carried is moreRead MoreAmbiguity, Stories and Emotion1433 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"All of us, I suspect, can imagine beholding things we ought not to have beheld. All of us can understand such pain† (O’Brien 4). Pain is universal but it is difficult to describe pain to someone who hasn’t experienced it in the way you have. Events affect people differently and without stories it would not be possible to even try and comprehend the pain of others. How a story is told changes the emotional response of the audience and with that their understanding of the events. Tim O’Brien exploresRead MoreJimmy Cross Character Analysis Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesitems, both physical and mental, that individual soldiers carried, which served as a link in developing his character’s personality traits. Henry Dobbins is a machine gunner. Large in size, Dobbins carried extra rations that included comfort foods, such as canned peaches and pound cake. Along with his standard military gear, Dobbins carried a twenty-three pound M-60 and ten to fifteen pounds of ammunition. In addition, Dobbins carried around his neck, a pair of his girlfriend’s pantyhose â€Å"asRead MoreStory of an Hour848 Words   |  4 Pagesliterary devices. Irony, foreshadowing, personification, imagery, symbolism, metaphor and repetition are some of the major literary techniques used by Chopin within this short story about a woman named Mrs. Mallard. Although the story covers only one hour in the life of the main character, the use of these various literary techniques present the theme of the story to the reader in a very entertaining manner. The Story of an Hour is primarily a story of great irony. Irony is first demonstratedRead MoreAn Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge by Ambrose Bierce Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding literature is not as easy as it sounds. Being able to dissect each piece of information and connect it to the overall theme of the story takes lots of rereading and critical thinking. Reading the story â€Å"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge† takes lots of critical thinking and understanding the literature in a different point of view than the average reader would. The theme of this particular story quickly came to mind after initially concluding the reading, the author is trying to convey that nobodyRead MoreDesign Explication Of Robert Frost1040 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Underwood English 1102 4 December 2015 Design Explication Robert Frost takes an interesting approach in his short poem entitled, Design. In the poem, Frost questions if there is a designer of life or if things just occur randomly. Frost believes that if there is indeed a designer of life, the designer produces both evil and good. Moreover, Frost considers that perhaps good could actually be evil if one is looking close enough, if so, the nature of the designer in the poem is contradictoryRead MoreDesign Explication Of Robert Frost1020 Words   |  5 PagesDe’Anna Harris Professor Underwood English 1102 4 December 2015 Design Explication Robert Frost takes an interesting approach in his short poem entitled, Design. In the poem, Frost questions if there is a designer of life or if things just occur randomly. Frost believes that if there is indeed a designer of life, the designer produces both evil and good. Moreover, Frost considers that perhaps good could actually be evil if one is looking close enough, if so, the nature of the designer in the poemRead MoreThe Time Machine by H.G. Wells Essays712 Words   |  3 Pagesthinks hes intelligence. He may have also used this complex language to make it sound scientific so people believe him. You will soon admit.. This shows he expects people to admit he is right. A major theme displayed here is knowledge; there is also a certain theme of understanding on the people listening to the time travellers part. We also witness some use of contrast on the first page, mainly between light and dark, The fire burnt brightly, and, His usuallyRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allen Poe1052 Words   |  5 Pagesstory in the Gothic genre based on the use of insanity, death, and irony. The Romantic era initially sparked during the Renaissance, as the focus started to become more secular and veered away from religious works. Romantic writers possessed a fascination with anything to do with nature and the supernatural. Soon, writers started to get increasingly imaginative and the Romantic era inherited a gloomy aura. Death became a major theme sweeping across this new genre with grotesque imaginings and fantastic

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Andrew carnegie 2 Essay Example For Students

Andrew carnegie 2 Essay Andrew Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland in 1835. His father, Will, was a weaver and a follower of Chartism, a popular movement of the British working class that called for the masses to vote and to run for Parliament in order to help improve conditions for workers. The exposure to such political beliefs and his familys poverty made a lasting impression on young Andrew and played a significant role in his life after his family immigrated to the United States in 1848. Andrew Carnegie amassed wealth in the steel industry after immigrating from Scotland as a boy. He came from a poor family and had little formal education. The roots of Carnegies internal conflicts were planted in Dunfermline, Scotland, where he was born in 1835, the son of a weaver and political radical who instilled in young Andrew the values of political and economic equality. His familys poverty, however, taught Carnegie a different lesson. When the Carnegies emigrated to America in 1848, Carnegie determined to bring prosperity to his family. He worked many small jobs which included working for the Pennsylvania Railroad where he first recognized the importance of steel. With this recognition, he resigned and started the Keystone Bridge Company in 1865. He built a steel-rail mill, and bought out a small steel company. By 1888, he had a large plant. Later on he sold his Carnegie Steel Company to J. P. Morgans U.S. Steel Company after a serious, bloody union strike. He saw himself as a hero of working people, yet he crushed their unions. The richest man in the world, he railed against privilege. A generous philanthropist, he slashed the wages of the workers who made him rich. By this time, Carnegie was an established, successful millionaire. He was a great philanthropist, donating over $350 million dollars to public causes, opening libraries, money for teachers, and funds to support peace. In the end, he gave away about 90% of his own money to various causes. He also preached to others to do the same as in giving money for education and sciences. The problem, however, was that there was such a contrast between the rich and the poor. By this he was referring to the inequalities in rights, hereditary powers, and such things. He also felt we should have a continuum of forward progress, i.e. civilizing, industrializing. Apparently in his time there was a movement to drift back into a time when there was little advance in modernizing and technologically advancing; when neither master nor servant was as well situated. This proves that the direction the U.S. took until now was, in fact, the right path since the goal was already in progress. He has to argue and prove that through forward motion all of these problems of social difference, that the poor would also advance with the times, thus diminishing the difference slowly but surely. As the rich get richer they bring up the standard and, in effect, the poor with them as the economy grows. The government comes up with a way to run money that is suited to be in the best interest of the most possible people. In the end, you realize that the majority of the wealth made in this new system is going only to a few people. Then it says about the only question that could possibly arise in this type of a situation. Since the wealth inevitably goes to a concentrated amount of people in the best possible set of circumstances, the question is what to do with the money in order to best serve the general public. So what can a man do with the excess wealth he has amassed? His money is not just for competence, but rather surplus money. There are three solutions that Carnegie gives for this. The first includes leaving ones money to his family or his oldest son, a common practice in western Europe. This is a misguided affection, and a bad idea according to Carnegie, because one cannot duplicate the styles and strategies of another no matter how hard he tries. A son can make mistakes and lose his fortune or he can lose it from the fall in the

Wednesday, April 15, 2020

Frankenstein The Creators Faults In The Creation Essays

Frankenstein: The Creator's Faults in the Creation Often the actions of children are reflective of the attitudes of those who raised them. In the novel Frankenstein : Or the Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelly, Dr. Victor Frankenstein is the sole being that can take responsibility for the creature that he has created, as he is the only one that had any part in bringing it into being. While the actions of the creation are the ones that are the illegal and deadly their roots are traced back to the flaws of Frankenstein as a creator. Many of Frankenstein's faults are evident in the appearance of his creation. It is described as having yellow skin, dark black hair, eyes sunk into their sockets, and black lips (Shelly 56). Frankenstein, having chosen the parts for his creature, is the only one possible to blame for its appearance. Martin Tropp states that the monster is "designed to be beautiful and loving, it is loathsome and unloved" (64). Clearly it is Frankenstein's lack of foresight in the creation process to allow for a creature that Frankenstein "had selected his features as beautiful," (56) to become something which the very sight of causes its creator to say "breathless horror and disgust filled my heart"(56). He overlooks the seemingly obvious fact that ugliness is the natural result when something is made from parts of different corpses and put together. Were he thinking more clearly he would have noticed monster's hideousness. Another physical aspect of the monster which shows a fault in Frankenstein is its immense size. The reason that Frankenstein gives for creating so large a creature is his own haste. He states that ,"As the minuteness of the parts formed a great hinderance to my speed, I resolved, contrary to my first intention, to make a being gigantic in stature ..." (52). Had Frankenstein not had been so rushed to complete his project he would not have had to deal with such a physically intimidating creature. Tropp however states that ambition may have had a role in the size of the creation. He says that the creation is "born of Frankenstein's megalomania" (81). This may indeed be true as the inventor states "A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me" (52). Frankenstein seems obsessed with being the father of this new race, so he makes the creature large in order to assure its dominance. The more important defect within Frankenstein is not so much shown in the appearance that he gave his creation, but the manner in which he responds to it. The first thing that Frankenstein notices upon the activation of his creation is one of being appalled (56). Frankenstein sees the creature's physical appearance only, taking no time to attempt to acknowledge its mental nature. He cannot accept it simply because it looks too far removed from his view of beautiful (Oates 77). Because of this he drives the creature away, abandoning it. The creature is "in one sense an infant-a comically monstrous eight foot baby- whose progenitor rejects him immediately after creating him..." (Oates 70). It is due to this abandonment that the monster develops the murderous tendencies displayed later in the novel. Even when the creature is shown to be naturally good, its physical form never allows it acceptance. Whenever the creation attempts to be rational with Frankenstein it is rejected, with in almost all cases Frankenstein sighting its appearance as one of the reasons. "Frankenstein's response to the `thing' he has created is solely in aesthetic terms..." (Oates 75). Throughout the novel Frankenstein continually insists that "The tortures of Hell are too mild a vengeance for all [the creature's] crimes" (95). Frankenstein is incorrect, however in assuming that the creature is inherently evil. Mary Lowe-Evans states that ,"Nothing in Frankenstein is more unexpected than the Creature's sensitivity" (52). His benevolent nature described in his story is meant to show that he is not the beast that Frankenstein has made him out to be (Lowe-Evans 52). The creature is intrigued by the lives of the people that he finds living in a small cabin, the De Laceys. The creature loves everything about these people and attempts to aid them by gathering for them much needed firewood. This action is described by Tropp as, "a last attempt to enter its [Paradise's} gates" (75). He also sympathizes with the plights of other unfortunate people that he hears of such as the Native Americans (Lowe-Evans 53). It is only upon being

Thursday, March 12, 2020

Compare and Contrast the Views on Human and Governmental Nat essays

Compare and Contrast the Views on Human and Governmental Nat essays During the 17th and 18th centuries Europe entered a period of Enlightenment. This period denounced and rejected the Aristotelian view of Scholasticism that still dominated Renaissance Europe, and brought forth a fresh view on the world through rationalization and logic. John Locke (1632-1704) and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) both revolutionized human-nature and political thought during this period. Despite the similarity of being pro constitutionalism, their achievements exposed different ideas. In his Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Locke explored the function of the human mind. He symbolized birth as a Tabula Rosa (blank tablet), and argued that there existed no innate ideas; all knowledge is derived from direct sensual experiences. He also denied the existence of intrinsic moral norms. He believed moral ideas to be the product of peoples free acts of self-discipline so that conflict in conscience may be avoided and happiness attained. Locke was very religious as well. At no point did he ever try to eradicate the Churchs teachings. In fact, one of his believes was of Deism, the belief that Christian teachings were identical to those of uncorrupted reason. To him, a rational person would always live according to Christian moral precepts. He, however, firmly denied toleration to Catholics and atheists, and sanctified a variety of Protestant sects. While the reign of Charles II, Lock wrote Two Treatises of Government. Here he opposed the argument, given by Sir Robert Filmer and Thomas Hobbs, absolute monarchies. Locke devoted his entire first treatise to refute the idea that kings had a right over their subjects as a father has over his children, set by Sir Filmer in his book Patriarcha. He maintained that both kings and fathers were bound by the law of nature. He stated in his second treatise that the voice of reason teaches that all mankind [is] equal and independent, and that no one ought to harm ...

Tuesday, February 25, 2020

Critical, Close Reading Suzanne Collins The Hunger Games Essay

Critical, Close Reading Suzanne Collins The Hunger Games - Essay Example The major strengths of this paper is the use of examples, drawn from the novel as well as real life examples on how authoritarian rule caused rebellion. However, the area I would like to improve on is the analysis section. One of the major themes identified in the novel is power. The main source of power is the authoritarian government that is situated in the Capitol. This is because the Capitol contains majority of the wealth of Panem (Egan and Suzanne, 10). The government also uses this city to control the citizens of Panem. This is by holding the hunger games, whereby teenagers are chosen from the 12 districts and forced to fight to death. The major aim of holding these games was to thwart any form of rebellion from the people. It was also aimed at creating divisions within the districts, and infighting amongst the members of the 12 Districts in Panem (Balkind, 33). This in turn would prevent the citizens of Panem from rebelling against the government. However, these games did not succeed in preventing the citizens of Panem from rebelling. This paper takes a stand that the authoritarian use of power is a motivating factor for rebellion. It identifies circumstances where the citizens of Panem rebell ed against the authorities of the Capitol. This is through the two civil wars that occurred in Panem, and the actions of Katniss Everdeen. Originally, the country of Panem had 13 districts, but due to the authoritarian rule of the Capitol, the first civil war emerged. This was referred to as the Dark Days rebellion, and it was led by the 13th district. However, during this war, district 13 was able to gain independence, and formed its own rule. This is because its military was advanced, and it had threatened to use nuclear weapons to destroy Capitol (Collins, 7). The Capitol and the 13th district signed a secret ceasefire deal that granted district 13 independence. During

Saturday, February 8, 2020

Health and Safety in the Construction Industry Essay

Health and Safety in the Construction Industry - Essay Example The requirements could be in the form of legal provisions of the state, environment protection measures or in the form of the stipulated needs of the customer. In order to safeguard the interests of the workers, the respective governments come out with measures safeguarding the interests of the employees. The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, also known as HASAW or HSW, is one such legislative measure adopted by the government of UK, which covers occupational health and safety in the United Kingdom1. A company requires able people to carry on with the business in the best possible manner. Therefore, the relationship between the two parties is of mutual benefit and for the relationship to work, both parties have to agree to certain terms of agreements. The construction industry is no exception. The construction industry is known as a labour intensive industry with people from different skill levels contributing their bit towards the project. There are the labours who might not be educated enough to know about what's happening around them. Quite often, while working against time to meet tight deadlines or to save on the costs, the workforce happens to be at a disadvantage. The agency carrying out the construction activity and the company having accepted the terms for the project are required to manage the project in such a manner that the project is completed and handed over to the customer within the stipulated time period, without any untoward incident/s. Project Management as such is the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of company resources for a relatively short-term objective that has been established to complete specific goals and objectives (Kerzner, 1995). Producing high levels of productivity and quality and low levels of uncertainty additionally are objectives of project management. The uncertainty arises mostly out of ill planning and unwarranted delays on account of a reasons like disputes or accidents. The successful construction project management will therefore be the management of all the factors that surround and enable the construction as well as the technical work to be accomplished. This form of management as such is a set of principles, practices, and techniques applied to lead project team and control project schedule, cost, and performance risks in order to delight the customers. The customer will feel delighted when the project management team displays its expertise in the planning and successful i mplementation of the project and hands over the finished product in a hassle free manner. In one of its report the National Audit Office (NAO) has enlisted some barriers which need to be overcome and bring about changes in attitudes within the construction industry towards improving the health and safety performance. The NAO report states that, "Under health and safety legislation those who create risk are legally responsible for controlling and managing that risk" (NAO, 2004). This specifies that the responsibility of coming out with measures for controlling and management of the risk lies with everyone involved in the supply chain. In fact in today's context when globalisation and competition happens to be a rule rather than exception, every company desires to retain the best working hands while making all efforts to remain out of controversies. The reach and impact of media

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Prenatal Development Essay Example for Free

Prenatal Development Essay Pregnancy occurs when an egg is fertilized by a sperm, and the egg grows inside a womans uterus also called a woman’s womb, and will develop into a baby. In humans, this process takes about 264 days, but the obstetrician will date from the last menstrual period or 280 days which is 40 weeks. There are a number of things that must fall into place in the right order to become pregnant and have a baby. The creation of a human being requires the right environment, the right timing, the right factors, and a great deal of luck. The term intra-uterine pregnancy is used to describe when a fertilized egg is implanted in the uterus and an embryo grows. The length of time of a pregnancy is divided into three sections called trimesters or stages, which is about three months each. Each trimester has particular events and developmental markers. The first trimester or builds the foundation of the different organ systems. The first trimester or stage is the germinal period or the zygotic period. It is the first two weeks of prenatal development. Near the end of the two weeks the single-celled a zygot, developes into a cluster of cells called the embryo. The second stage or trimester is called the embryonic period, which is week three through week eight. In the first month the embryo is usually 1/8th of an inch or . 275 cm long. I weighs about 3 grams. A yolk sac has already formed at this stage. Organs and major systems within the body of the embryo forms during this period. The embryo’s lifeline is the umbilical cord, which provide the embryo nourishment, oxygen, and water from the mother. The umbilical cord also carries away waste. The placenta is also developed, protecting the embryo, by keeping the mother’s blood from mingling with the developing embryo. It also protects the embryo by preventing harmful substances in the mother’s blood from reaching the embryo, such as teratogens. Teratogens are harmful substances that can cause birth defects. By three weeks the baby’s brain cells have started to form, creating a sheet of neural cells that curls and forms a neural tube lined with stem cells. At the top of the neural tube forms a bulge which later consists of the hind brain, mid brain, and fore brain. When the neural tube expands, it creates ventricals and the core of the brain. Ventricals that are filled with ceobraspinal fluid cushions the brain and also provides nutrients to the brain and spinal cord. In the second month, It is about an inch or 2. 5 cm long. It is 8. 7 grams heavy. The head, tail and the umbilical cord are formed and the sex glands are determined. The limbs, toes, fingers, the skeleton and bone cells have also been formed at this stage. A distinctively human appearance develops. Facial features, the main organ systems also take shape. By the end of the eighth week, the structures of the brain, heart, liver, limbs, ears, nose and eyes evolve. This is a most critical period of development. Harmful medications, drugs and alcohol may disturb the processes of development and cause defects or snags in the embryo. The fetal period or trimester is the third month to actual birth of the baby. At this stage the baby is called the fetus with distinctively human features. At the end of the third month the baby can move its arms, legs, mouth and head, although at this moment of time, the movements are uncoordinated and cannot be felt by the mother. The fetus is now one to three inches long and weighs roughly an ounce. The baby can also start using reflexive responses . During the fourth month the mother can feel quickening, which is the baby moving inside the uterus. At five months all brain cells of the baby for birth are developed. During this period the baby has sleep and wake cycles. In the sixth month the fetus’s brain activity is similar to that of a newborn baby. The final two months the fetus usually doubles in weight. The fetus will usually add on about three to four pounds of body fat. This additional body fat will help the newborn baby adjust to different temperatures outside the womb. The closer to birth, the fetus’s growth slows and the actions of the body systems become more regular. At about forty weeks or 280 days, the fetus is ready to emerge in the world. At birth a baby’s brain is only one forth the size of an adult’s brain. The brain will weight at birth less than a pound. After a baby is born the neurons grow in size and continue to develop. A newborn enters the world with a array of physical and sensory capabilities. In the beginning right at birth a baby’s behavior is mostly reflex moves that are to enable his survival in the new world. In conclusion, a baby is a very precious and wonder gift that some women are blessed with. It is very mportant for a new expectant mother to understand the stages of pregnancy. A new mother should research and read all that she can read to gain knowledge of what is going to happen in the months to come. The more knowledge a new mother has is very beneficial for her well being and also to interact with her physician about symptoms and problems if any arise.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

John Stewarat Mills On Liberty and the Subjection of Women Essay

John Stewarat Mill's On Liberty and the Subjection of Women Born in 1806, John Stewart Mill was an English philosopher who highly prized the Utilitarian belief system, or the doctrine of seeking the greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people. Among his various political treatises, On Liberty and The Subjection of Women are excellent applications of his convictions in individualism and negative government. Though the subjects of each work differ to an extent, both are written in a dialogue format, and the general principles postulated in On Liberty can be easily applied to the second work. Essentially, Mill seeks to assert the importance of certain personal rights and freedoms, moral beliefs, and the integrity of the individual. The Subjection of Women incorporates concepts from On Liberty and defines them via concrete application to a real social problem. The crucial idea supported throughout On Liberty is stated by Mill in Chapter 1: â€Å"That the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant† (9). This statement encapsulates Mill’s view that government should serve a negative role, or rather, interfere in the lives of the people only for the prevention of harm. Further, this assumes to an extent that the individual has some degree of common sense, morality, or knowledge of how to care for one ’s self. In The Subjection of Woman, Mill stretches this ideal to women to explain the irrationality behind the government’s relegation of women to second-class citizens against their will. Mill’s opponents assert that women are known to be inferior, both ... ...shment of friendship through deliberation, so too will the inclusion of women into intellectual society color and expand the depth of knowledge. â€Å"Women’s thoughts are thus as useful in giving reality to those of thinking men, as men’s thoughts in giving width and largess to those of women† (Women 63). In essence, Mill asserts that â€Å"true wisdom† only comes from those who â€Å"hear what can be said about [a subject] by persons of every opinion, and study all modes in which it can be looked at by every character of mind† (On Liberty 19). Therefore, The Subjection of Women expounds this notion by explaining the fallacy and potential dangers of ignoring the feminine potential. Throughout both works, his views are consistent toward preserving the individual, encouraging free thinking, and progressing society to a point past social prejudices and negative presuppositions.

Monday, January 13, 2020

How has China been affected by globalization Essay

In the late 1970s China made perhaps its most significant strategic political manoeuvre of the 20th Century when it embarked on a series of economic reforms that embraced globalization (Bijian, 2005). Deng Xiaoping and other Chinese leaders believed that to further China’s development, participation in an open global economy would be crucial to its survival (Chow, 2002) During the three decades since these reforms China’s political and economic institutions have undergone a dramatic transition (Overholt, 2005 and Economy, 1998). China has shifted from the world’s greatest opponent of globalization into a committed member of a global economy and advocate of globalization (Overholt, 2005). The pinnacle of this transformation and China’s economic growth was its admission into to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) on 11 December, 2001 (Allen et al, 2006 and Fishman, 2005). Consequently, China is now subjected to international trends and forces to a degree unprecedented since 1949 (Bijian, 2005 and Chow, 2004). In this essay I will analyse the effect that globalization has had on China’s political, economic, legal and technological institutions. Furthermore, I will also analyse whether China has been forced to change to pander to the international economic community or whether it has voluntarily instituted change for its own benefit and development. However before analysing the effect that globalization has had on China it is important to understand what the term â€Å"globalisation† means. Globalisation became a buzz word in the 1990s because of its influence in creating a world in which geographic location became increasingly irrelevant (Immerfall 2006). In essence globalisation refers to the unrestricted flow of goods, capital, information, technology and people across national borders (Chow, 2005a). Globalisation is, however, by no means a new phenomenon and China has been subjected to its effects for many centuries (Alford, 1999). In fact, the effects of globalisation in China go â€Å"as far back as the Han dynasty (206BC-220AD) when trade took place between the Han Chinese and neighbouring people in the North-west through the Silk Route† (Chow, 2004: 3). Despite this, in the Qing Dynasty and the early stages of the Chinese Communist Party’s rule, right up until Deng Xiaoping’s open door policy, China tried  to close its doors and restrict the influence of globalisation (Street, 2000 and Chow 2004 and 2005a). This was not the first time that China was forced to confront and implement a national strategy to either embrace or combat the effects of globalisation. In fact, as recently as the 1990s, China was confronted by this conundrum, namely: whether to continue its global economic expansion in the face of the Asian financial crisis or to once again close it doors and retreat inwards to protect itself from the economic fallout of a struggling region (Fishman, 2005 and Nolan, 2001). However, by carefully weighing the advantages and disadvantages of economic openness the Chinese government decided to open up the Chinese economy even more, and eventually joined the World Trade Organization by implementing large economic reforms (Bijian, 2005). There is no doubting that these economic reforms and China’s embracement of globalisation has brought stunning results. Since starting to open up and reform its economy in 1978, China â€Å"has averaged 9.4 percent annual GDP growth, one of the highest growth rates in the world† (Bijian, 2005: 3). One of the reasons for the huge leaps in growth has come from direct foreign investment that has been facilitated by China’s admission to the WTO. For example, in the space of a few days in 2004, a North Korean Steel Company launched a $500 million steel project in the Dalian development zone; France’s St Gobain invested $70 million in one of its existing glass production lines in China; Germany’s Siemens opened its fortieth office in China for development of software; and Finland’s Stora Enso invested $1.6 billion in a paper pulp project in Guandong Province (Hall et al, 2004). Such results have seen China become the third largest trading country in the world and the envy of many developing economies around the world (Chow, 2005b). While such economic statistics are regularly celebrated by the Chinese government as a success of China’s inclusion into the WTO, many in China are in fact lamenting the negative effects of globalisation and the scrutiny that WTO membership has brought. In fact WTO membership came at a very high price for the domestic Chinese economy (Overholt, 2005). Throughout the 80s  and 90s China initiated structural changes such as the phasing out of direct subsidies for exports and began cutting tariffs in preparation for inclusion into the WTO (Pearson, 2001). Over the three years from 1994 to 1997, the country’s average tariff rate was lowered from about 43 to 17 per cent and at the time of China’s entry into the WTO in late 2001, the overall average was just 15 per cent. Such drastic economic changes were at the behest of the WTO and the result being that a lot of factories and domestic industries have gone bankrupt because many people prefer foreign products which ha ve become cheaper as a result of China’s inclusion into WTO (Solinger, 2005). Furthermore, Moore (2002) also argues that China’s accession into the World Trade Organization could be viewed as more beneficial to the rest of the world rather than China itself. WTO commitments made by China do not in any way protect China’s â€Å"domestic producers† and therefore the argument that that the greatest benefit of China’s WTO membership is enjoyed by foreign companies is indeed a valid one (Moore, 2002: 311). Yang (2004: 307) argues that admission into the WTO was in fact too big of a restructure step for China and continues by noting that Chinese involvement in the WTO is great for foreign companies and bad for local ones because â€Å"one of the first laws enacted† to ensure WTO membership â€Å"was designed to attract and protect investment from overseas†. It is clear that this lack of protectionism, although beneficial to the outside world, has been disrupted the income to domestic businesses. Of particular note is the fact that with China’s WTO membership foreign investors have been allowed access to markets that were previously restricted or highly regulated (Samuelson, 2004 and Pearson, 2001). These incursions have been most evident in the insurance, telecommunications, and financial industries (Prasad, 2004). Such competition is however of great benefit to the domestic Chinese consumer. In fact, fifteen years ago China barely had any mobile telecommunication services, whereas now it claims more than 300 million mobile phone subscribers, more than any other nation (Bijian, 2005). Whether this is a result of modernisation or globalisation is highly debatable, but it is clear that Chinese consumers are embracing the increase in products and services provided by many foreign companies. Other than the local businesses being hurt by foreign investments and industries, the labour market in China is also suffering from major unemployment as a result of the forces of globalisation (Chow, 2004). While entry into the WTO has in itself not created joblessness, it has however heightened a number of trends that were already underway, including accelerating the rate of insolvency of state owned enterprises. The result being the discharge of tens of millions of workers who, when they were younger, were once assured of employment by the socialist state (Economy, 1998 and Chow 2004 and 2005b). According to Prasad (2004: 6) â€Å"the unemployment problem is in fact likely to worsen over the next few years due to restructuring in the rural and state enterprise sectors†, the very type of restructuring that has been mandated upon China by the World Trade Organisation. Another cause of the unemployment problem currently facing the Chinese economy is its shift away from sunset industries such as manufacturing, mining and construction to newer industries that demand workers with specialised skills (Prasad, 2004; Solinger 2005 and Yang 2004). Similar changes are evident in China’s effort to upgrade its technology industry, which has not only involved the replacement of much unskilled labour but in many cases also reduces the need to employ as many skilled blue-collar workers (Nolan, 2001 and Economy, 1998). While this can not be directly liked to WTO membership it is clear that the forces of globalisation are having a major impact on the Chinese economy, the products it produces and its labour force. The amazing growth in China’s economy as a result of its increased participation and integration in a global economy is also having social and political consequences. Most notable a growing divide between China’s rich and poor. Obviously China would not have self imposed such drastic economic changes purely to encourage direct foreign investment to the detriment of domestic businesses, but it is clear the benefits of the global marketplace are not being shared around China’s 1.3 billion people (Solinger, 2005 and Chow, 2004). It is very much the case in China that the rich are getting  richer and the poor are just getting left behind. This is also evident in the growing regional inequalities in China. Despite the governments attempts to rectify the situation, foreign investment has continued to flow to those provinces where education levels are the highest, infrastructure most well developed and political power most concentrated (Overholt, 2005 and Economy, 1998). Moreover, while the wealthier provinces in theory pay taxes to the centre to compensate the poorer provinces, in practice this system has failed allowing corruption to flourish, resulting in power becoming de-centralised from Beijing to local authorities. Not surprisingly such inequality has contributed to serious political tension between the haves and have nots (Bijian 2005 and Economy 1998). Overholt (2005: 7) however argues that despite the growing divide between the rich and poor, the Chinese â€Å"overwhelmingly support further globalisation†. Overholt (2005: 7) asserts that â€Å"no large country in human history has ever experienced such rapid improvements in living standards and working conditions† as China has in its acceptance of adjustments to accommodate the forces of globalisation. So while the economic dividends of China’s rapid growth are not being shared equally around the country, the majority are nonetheless better off. One of the reasons for such widespread approval of the modernisation of the economy has been the upgrading of technology, especially telecommunications which has been an essential aspect of the Chinese government’s plans for continued economic growth (Chow, 2004 and 2005a and Econommy, 1998). Normally if there is general contentment among the population then this would provide little in the way of difficulties for those in power. Fred Tipson (1998: 12) however, notes a difficult conundrum for the Chinese government in their embracement of economic globalisation. â€Å"The Chinese leadership has repeatedly emphasized the central role of telecommunications and information technologies in building its modern economy†¦..on the one hand, actively promoting a modern communications infrastructure, while on the other hand, repeatedly trying to control the content and uses of the information that pulses through it.† Tipson (1998) concludes that the  communications revolution will â€Å"diminish the need or inclination of most Chinese to defer to central authority or accept routinely the government’s characterization of reality.†The Chinese government is more than aware of the threat to its power that the technological revolution and global scrutiny presents. Given the current uprisings and discontent in Tibet the government has blocked access to many websites to control the flow of information to not only its own people, but the international community (Maunder, 2008). So while the forces of globalisation may have brought prosperity to China, the Chinese government also has to work overtime to maintain its grip on power. When evaluating the impact that globalisation has had on China it is important not to lose sight of the big picture. Economic growth alone does not provide a full picture of a country’s development and despite China’s population of 1.3 billion, its China’s economy is still just one-seventh the size of the United States’ (Bijian, 2005). However, the open-door policy that was first advanced by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s has been of great success in modernising China. It is true that such rapid growth has presented China with some problems, including the demise of some domestic industries, unemployment and minor political instability, however given its current path it appears that China’s rise to superpower status is inevitable. BIBLIOGRAPHY Alford, William (1999) ‘Does the rule of law really rule?’ paper presented before the Conference on Policy Reform in China, Center for Research in Economic Development and Policy Research, Standford University, November 18-20, 1999 (Online) Available from: http://www.cdy.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/11/3/287.pdf [Accessed 10th March 2008]Allen, Franklin. Jun Qian and Meijun Qian (2006), ‘China’s Financial Reform: Past, Present and Future’ in Loren Brandt and Thomas Rawski, ed. China’s Economic Transition: Origins, Mechanism, and Consequences. University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School: MimeoBijian, Zheng (2005) ‘China’s Peaceful Rise to Great-Power Status’ Foreign Affairs September/October 2005Chow, Gregory (2002) ‘China’s Economic Transformation’ Oxford: Blackwell Publishing CompanyChow, Gregory (2004) ‘Knowing China’ Singapore: World Scientific Publishing CompanyChow, Gregory (2005a) ‘Corruption and Economic Reform in the Early 21st Century’ Princeton University, California: MimeoChow, Greogry and Yan, Shen (2005b) ‘Demand for Education in China’ Princeton University, California: MimeoEconomy, Elizabeth (1998) ‘China Confronts the Challenge of Globalization’ New York: Rockefeller Brothers Fund, IncFishman, Ted (2005) ‘How the rise of the next super power challenges America and the world’ New York, N.Y.: ScribnerHall, D., Jones, R., and Raffo, C. (2004) ‘Business Studies’ 3rd Edition, Lancashire: Causeway Press LtdImerfall, Stefan (2006) ‘Territoriality in the Globalizing Society: One Place or None?’ (Online) Available from: http://www.amazon.com/Territoriality-Globalizing-Society-European-Transatlantic/dp/3540643222 [Accessed 9th March 2008]Maunder, Patricia (2008) ‘The Great Firewall of China’ The Age, March 20, 2008 (Online) Available from: http://www.theage.com.au/news/w eb/the-great-firewall-of-china/2008/03/18/1205602389513.html? [Accessed 21st March 2008]Moore, Thomas (2002) ‘China in the World Market’ New York, NY: Cambridge University PressNolan, Peter (2001) ‘China and the Global Economy: National Champions, Industrial Policy and the Big Business Revolution’ New York, N.Y: PalgraveOverholt, W (2005) ‘China and Globalization’ Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, May 19, 2005. Santa Monica, California: Rand CorporationPearson, Margaret (2001) ‘The Case of China’s Accession to the GATT/WTO’, in David M. Lampton (ed.), The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Era of Reform, 1978-2000 Stanford: Stanford University PressPrasad, Eswar (2004) ‘China’s Growth and Integration into the World Economy: Prospects and Challenges’ International Monetary Fund Publications, June 17, 2004. Samuelson, Paul (2004) ‘Where Ricardo and Mill Rebut and Confirm Arguments of Mainstream Economists Supporting Globalization’ Economic Perspectives, 18: 3 Summer, 2004Solinger, Dorothy (2005) ‘Chinese Urban Jobs and the WTO’ The China Journal, May 2005Street, N., Lynch, M and Marilyn, J (2000) ‘American Business in China: Balancing Culture and Communication (Online) Available from: http://www.cald.org/website/polparties_asia.htm [Accessed 5th March 2008]Tipson, Fred (1998) ‘China and the Information Revolution’ China Joins the World: progress and Prospects New York: Council for Foreign Relations PressYang, Dali (2003) ‘Remaking the Chinese Leviathan’ Stanford,

Sunday, January 5, 2020

Book report of Godfather Essay - 1229 Words

Book report THE GODFATHER The novel God Father is written by Mario Puzo. Mario Puzo is a professional writer from an Italian immigrant family. When he was young, he lived in a slum in New York with his parents, so crime may be a normal state of affairs where they lived. Yeas later when Mario became a professional writer, that part of experience gave him the inspiration about this famous novel---God Father. He also published some other books, but none of them was as popular as God Father. This novel was mainly about an Italian immigrant family--- Corlenone Family during the 1945 to 1955 in New York, the US. The most important role not only in the family, but also in the whole book is Vito Corlenone, known as the Godfather, the chief†¦show more content†¦Don had three sons----Sonny, Fred and Michael. Michael was the only one who had no interest in family business. He entered a university and later joined the army during World War II. He also had a lovely girl friend and planned to merry on Christmas. Although he hoped to keep a distance with his powerful family, it was his fate that guided him to find the most appropriate position for him years later. The Don also had an adopted son---Tom Hargen. Tom was an American man; he was a lawyer and later worked for the Don as a counselor. The story began in the Don’s daughter---Connie’s wedding in the August 1945. Many people, poor and rich, humble and dignified, all came up to show their loyalty and also with the requirements, because they knew that by tradition no Sicilian can refuse a request on his daughter’s wedding. Johnny Fortance, Don’s godson was one of them. Johnny was a pop singer but unfortunately he had got something wrong with his throat, so he wanted to turn to be an actor. However, Johnny was hated by his boss Wolz and was refused to take the leading role in a movie. Tom was sent to solve the problem, but Wolz was a conceited man. He refused suggestion Hargen made directly. He knew Don’s power, but he did not take it so serious. Soon, Don gave him a great threat which made Wolz had to give up. As the result, Johnny got the role, whichShow MoreRelatedEssay On The Godfather1739 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the greatest films and novels of all time, The Godfather by Mari o Puzo is the book that I chose to write my report about. This book falls under the drama and crime fiction genres, due to its dramatic story of people being shot and murdered. The Godfather takes place in New York during the years 1945-1955, right after World War II. Most of the story is written from a narrator s perspective, save for two points in the book in which the story becomes a first person point of view. One of theRead MoreCultural Competence And The Media1902 Words   |  8 Pagesthe media to counter all the negative aspects shown about the culture. 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In the media the reports of the mob running the longshoreman, construction projects and politicians was common. I remember the first time I saw the movie â€Å"The Godfather†. The violence and scenes in the movie demonstrated a dedication to the bosses that was unprecedented. As stated previously, most of my knowledge and opinions came from these stories on the news and movies that showed organized crime scenarios. The definitions of organized crime that you find in text books or in information providedRead MoreThe Trial of a Serial Killer: Robert Pickton Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals to believe that it is only through aggression that problems are resolved. Rather than being punished for acts of violence, those who commit such offenses are often praised for their â€Å"heroism†. In addition, the success of films like The Godfather, Gladiator, and Troy further aid in reinstating we live in a society that praises violence. 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